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I had been operating under the belief that the most ancient writing was that documented in what has come to be known as the La Mojarra script. This unique writing is found only on a handful of objects, most importantly the La Mojarra Stela (though I've heard its authenticity is disputed). At the Texas Seminar in Austin, Federico Fahsen gave a presentation on "Early Writing at Kaminaljuyu" that presents a different perspective. I believe he dates this stela as third or fourth century. This puzzles me - I would give it an older date. I have a lot more to learn yet about this. An excellent paper on the earliest Mesoamerican writing by Joyce Marcus is presented on the web by the Mesoamerica Foundation and The Stevenson Press. The article on First Dates originally appeared in the series "The Maya Rediscovered" in Natural History magazine. Science magazine's web site also features the article "A Newly Discovered Column in the Hieroglyphic Text on La Mojarra Stela 1: A Test of the Epi-Olmec Decipherment" by linguists John S. Justeson and Terrence Kaufman. From my perspective, the iconographic writing of the Zapotecs of Oaxaca seems to share characteristics with the older writing that to me would indicate some degree of continuity with the older script. Further study of the ancient script found on the Lost World Stela at Tikal and on many carved and ceramic objects normally grouped with general Maya Glyphs may bear investigation in our quest for understanding of early precolumbian writing.
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You can find another article on the La
Mojarra Stela at the Lords of the
Earth web site.
Lawrence K. Lo's pages on Ancient Scripts include a work in
progress on La Mojarra stela and Epi-Olmec writing.
James B. Porter
has an article on Recarved Olmec Heads that is quite
interesting as well, though it deals with
iconography rather than early writing.
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If you know of any related web sites, let me know.
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